Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

PRODUCT NAME

O-CHLOROANILINE

NFPA

PRODUCT USE

In the manufacture of dyestuffs and dyestuff intermediates, standards for colourimetric
apparatus and in the manufacture of petroleum solvents and fungicides.

SYNONYMS

C6-H6-Cl-N, Cl-C6H4-NH2, "aniline, o-chloro-", "aniline, o-chloro-", 1-amino-2-
chlorobenzene, 1-amino-2-chlorobenzene, "benzeneamine, 2-chloro-", "benzeneamine, 2-
chloro-", 2-chlorobenzeneamine, 2-chlorobenzeneamine, "C.I. Fast Yellow GC Base"

Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

CANADIAN WHMIS SYMBOLS

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW

RISK

POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS

ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS

SWALLOWED

  Accidental ingestion of the material may be seriously damaging to the health of the individual; animal experiments indicate that ingestion of less than 40 gram may be fatal.  The substance and/or its metabolites may bind to hemoglobin inhibiting normal uptake of oxygen. This condition, known as "methemoglobinemia", is a form of oxygen starvation (anoxia).  Symptoms include cyanosis (a bluish discoloration skin and mucous membranes) and breathing difficulties. Symptoms may not be evident until several hours after exposure.  At about 15% concentration of blood methemoglobin there is observable cyanosis of the lips, nose and earlobes. Symptoms may be absent although euphoria, flushed face and headache are commonly experienced. At 25-40%, cyanosis is marked but little disability occurs other than that produced on physical exertion. At 40-60%, symptoms include weakness, dizziness, lightheadedness, increasingly severe headache, ataxia, rapid shallow respiration, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, confusion, lethargy and stupor. Above 60% symptoms include dyspnea, respiratory depression, tachycardia or bradycardia, and convulsions. Levels exceeding 70% may be fatal.  

EYE

  Although the liquid is not thought to be an irritant, direct contact with the eye may produce transient discomfort characterized by tearing or conjunctival redness (as with windburn).  

SKIN

  The liquid may be miscible with fats or oils and may degrease the skin, producing a skin reaction described as non-allergic contact dermatitis. The material is unlikely to produce an irritant dermatitis as described in EC Directives .  Skin contact with the material may damage the health of the individual; systemic effects may result following absorption.  Monochloroanilines are as toxic or more toxic when absorbed through the skin than when inhaled; clothing does not necessarily protect against skin toxicity.  Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected.  Toxic effects may result from skin absorption.  

INHALED

  Inhalation may produce serious health damage*.  The material is not thought to produce respiratory irritation (as classified using animal models). Nevertheless inhalation of vapors, fumes or aerosols, especially for prolonged periods, may produce respiratory discomfort and occasionally, distress.  Inhalation of aerosols (mists, fumes), generated by the material during the course of normal handling, may produce serious damage to the health of the individual.  

CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS

  Limited evidence suggests that repeated or long-term occupational exposure may produce cumulative health effects involving organs or biochemical systems.  Chronic exposure to chloroanilines may result in anaemia, anorexia, weight loss and has been reported to produce red blood cell damage. Haematuria (blood in th urine) has been described, presumably as a result of haemorrhagic cystitis (bladder inflammation and haemorrhage).  Kidney and liver damage has been reported in test animals exposed to the parent aniline.  o-Chloroaniline produced profound degenerative changes in kidney structure following intraperitoneal injection in rats.  Rats administered p-chloroaniline, in their diets, exhibited a dose-dependent incidence of tumours of the spleen (splenic sarcomas) and fibrosis of the spleen. Fatty infiltration of the spleen was also observed.  Most arylamines are powerful poisons to the blood-making system. High chronic doses cause congestion of the spleen and tumor formation.