Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

PRODUCT NAME

LEAD SULFOCHROMATE

NFPA

PRODUCT USE

Pigments are defined as " colored, black, white, or fluorescent particulate organic or
inorganic solids which usually are insoluble in, and essentially physically and chemically
unaffected by, the vehicle or substrate in which they are incorporated" . They are
extremely insoluble in water. They alter appearance by selective absorption and/or by
scattering of light. Pigments are usually dispersed in vehicles or substrates for
application, as for instance in the manufacture of inks, paints, plastics, or other
polymeric materials. Pigments retain a crystal or particulate structure throughout the
colouration process. Used as an colour pigment in paint and anticorrosive pigment in
primers. Also as a pigment in canvas fabrics, decorating china and porcelain. Sprayed
coatings containing more than 1% Lead, or approx 2% lead sulfochromate are defined Toxic
Spray Painting Substances in several jurisdictions. The use of the common name C.I.
Pigment Yellow 34 strictly refers to the substance identified as CAS RN 1344- 37- 2, even
though this name could designate a mixture (Colour Index International, 2002). C.I.
Pigment Yellow 34 contains principally lead chromate (PbCrO4) and lead sulfate (PbSO4).
The proportion of the individual moieties in the pigment must be considered when
considering exposure to each of the constituent metals. The Pigment Handbook provides a
range of composition percentages for the different constituents PbCrO4 61- 76% (average
68%); PbSo4 20- 38% (average 29%); Other 1- 8% Regeant

SYNONYMS

"lead chrome (VI)", "lead chrome (VI)", "Pale Primrose", "Yellow Light", "C.I. 77603",
"C.I. Pigment Yellow 34", "C.I. 77600", "Clariant Chrome Yellow Y-933-LD 194735", "Lemon
Chrome Yellow - DCC 1026, 1032, 4032, 1036, 1039, 1040, Y-933-LD, ", Y-934-LD,
"Medium Chrome Yellow - DYM"

Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

CANADIAN WHMIS SYMBOLS

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW

RISK

Danger of cumulative effects.
May cause SENSITIZATION by skin contact.
Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.
May cause harm to the unborn child.
Possible risk of impaired fertility.
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through
inhalation.
Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long- term adverse effects in the
aquatic environment.

POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS

ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS

SWALLOWED

  Accidental ingestion of the material may be damaging to the health of the individual.  Chromate salts are corrosive and produce cellular damage to tissue. Ingestion may produce inflammation of the digestive tract, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Chromates cause kidney damage and blood cell damage.  

EYE

  Although the material is not thought to be an irritant, direct contact with the eye may cause transient discomfort characterized by tearing or conjunctival redness (as with windburn). Slight abrasive damage may also result. The material may produce foreign body irritation in certain individuals.  

SKIN

  The material is not thought to be a skin irritant (as classified using animal models). Abrasive damage however, may result from prolonged exposures. Good hygiene practice requires that exposure be kept to a minimum and that suitable gloves be used in an occupational setting.  Skin contact with the material may damage the health of the individual; systemic effects may result following absorption.  Open cuts, abraded or irritated skin should not be exposed to this material.  Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected.  

INHALED

  Inhalation may produce health damage*.  The material is not thought to produce respiratory irritation (as classified using animal models). Nevertheless inhalation of dusts, or fume, especially for prolonged periods, may produce respiratory discomfort and occasionally, distress.  Inhalation of dusts, generated by the material during the course of normal handling, may be damaging to the health of the individual.  Persons with impaired respiratory function, airway diseases and conditions such as emphysema or chronic bronchitis, may incur further disability if excessive concentrations of particulate are inhaled.  

CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS

  Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation.  This material can cause serious damage if one is exposed to it for long periods. It can be assumed that it contains a substance which can produce severe defects. This has been demonstrated via both short- and long-term experimentation.  Ample evidence exists that developmental disorders are directlycaused by human exposure to the material.  Ample evidence from experiments exists that there is a suspicionthis material directly reduces fertility.  There is some evidence that inhaling this product is more likely to cause a sensitization reaction in some persons compared to the general population.  Chronic inhalation exposure may result in nasal ulceration and/orperforation of nasal septum.  Chromium(III) is an essential trace mineral. Chronic exposure to chromium(III) irritates the airways, malnourishes the liver and kidneys, causes fluid in the lungs, and adverse effects on white blood cells, and also increases the risk of developing lung cancer. Chromium (VI) can irritate the skin, eyes and airways. Allergic reactions can involve both the skin and airways, and the compounds can diminish taste and smell, discolor the skin and eyes, cause blood disorders and damage the liver, kidneys, digestive tract and lungs. It predisposes humans to cancers of the respiratory tract and digestive system. Ulceration to the skin can occur, and, chromium(VI) is one of the most allergenic substances known.  There has been concern that this material can cause cancer or mutations, but there is not enough data to make an assessment.  Exposure to the material for prolonged periods may cause physical defects in the developing embryo (teratogenesis).  Lead, in large amounts, can affect the blood, nervous system, heart, glands, immune system and digestive system. Anemia may occur. If untreated muscles may become paralyzed, and there may be brain damage. Symptoms include joint and muscle pain, weakness in the back of the forearm and wrist and in the shin muscles, headaches, dizziness, abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation, nausea, vomiting, blue line on gums, sleep disturbance and a metallic taste in the mouth. The pressure in the brain may increase with high doses,  and cause brain damage, coma, and death. Early signs include loss of appetite and weight, constipation, tiredness and irritability, headache, weakness. Later there may be vomiting,  nervousness, and muscle pains in the arms and legs. Serious cases cause severe vomiting, inco-ordination, stupor, permanent eye damage, high blood pressure, multiple nerve disorders of the head resulting in paralysis and loss of reflexes, delirium, convulsions and coma. The kidneys may become irreversibly damaged, and the nervous system may become affected causing mental retardation, cerebral palsy, and jerks and seizures.  Lead can cross the placenta, and cause miscarriage, stillbirths and birth defects. Exposure before birth can cause mental retardation, behavioral disorders and infant death. Lead can also cause reduced sex drive, impotence, sterility and damage the sperm of males, increasing the potential for birth defects. Periods in women can also be affected.